Dry Eyes and Medical Conditions
Published on Saturday, 27th January 2024
If you think that any of this may apply to you it is important that you continue to take your medication and talk to your GP.
Certain medical conditions can contribute to or exacerbate dry eye disease. The relationship between medical conditions and dry eyes is often multifaceted, involving a variety of factors. Here are some reasons why certain health conditions may be associated with dry eye disease:
Inflammatory Disorders: Medical conditions with an underlying inflammatory component, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, and lupus, can affect the tear glands and the composition of tears. Inflammation can lead to decreased tear production or changes in tear quality, contributing to dry eyes.
Autoimmune Diseases: Conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, like Sjögren's syndrome, can target the glands responsible for producing tears. This autoimmune response can result in dry eye symptoms if the glands are no longer functioning fully.
Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations or imbalances, particularly in women during menopause, pregnancy, or while using certain hormonal medications, can affect tear production and contribute to dry eyes.
Diabetes: Individuals with diabetes may be at an increased risk of dry eye disease. Diabetes can affect the nerves that control tear production and the integrity of the cornea.
Thyroid Disorders: Conditions like hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can impact the normal function of the tear glands and contribute to dry eyes.
Allergies: Allergic conditions, such as allergic conjunctivitis, can lead to dry eyes as a result of inflammation and increased evaporation of tears.
Neurological Disorders: Certain neurological conditions, including Bell's palsy and Parkinson's disease, can affect the nerves that control the muscles around the eyes and eyelids, impacting blinking and tear distribution which can lead to dry eyes.
Medications: Some medications, commonly prescribed for various medical conditions, can contribute to dry eyes as a side effect. These may include antihistamines, decongestants, certain antidepressants, and medications for high blood pressure.
A dry eye assessment and treatments may still be beneficial and worthwhile as, while medication may be needed to manage the underlying medical condition, assessing and treating dry eye symptoms can help improve overall eye health and comfort.
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